Well for 5 months following Tims hospital stay we have gone to countless doctors appointments and three months of chemo therapy to see if the biopsy was wrong.. If it was the Chemo would have helped start healing the kidneys. We determined about a week ago that it did not help Tim with gaining kidney function back and therefore we stopped Chemo Treatment. It did help kill the Lupus and put it into a remission state so that it would not affect any other part of the body.. there is a chance it can come back but with the other immunosuppressant drugs that have him on its very unlikley that it will hit him as hard as it did where it killed his kidneys. So goodbye Kidneys. Our Nephrologist advised us of signs and symptoms on the 22nd of December to look for that will show us when it was ready for Tim to start Dialysis. The signs and symptoms were along the lines of.. if you feel like crap come in and we will test your numbers.. if your numbers are high its time.. This scared me because Tim didn't have any signs or symptoms with any of this except for a headache.. and that didn't instictively tell me.. hey check his kidney function. Anyways it was not 24 hours after we left the kidney doctor that Tim started feeling crummy. He couldnt hold down food or liquids. He wasn't feeling fatigued but just throwing up. I called the oncall on Monday the 26th and they told me that it was most likely a bug... Yesterday the 30th I called them again because he still wasn't holding down his fluids.. I feared that he was dehydrated. We received a call back to go into the Emergency room right away to pump him up with fluids and check his numbers. Sure enough his Creatinine level and protein level was twice as high as what it was last week. The emergency room wanted to admit him last night and set up a time to put his dialysis port in (which will be placed through his stomach.. and will help filter toxins everyday) but our doctor said that he wouldn't get anything done until at least tuesday and gave Tim the option to go home and stay hydrated which is what we did.
I am putting a video on here so you can see what Peritineal Dialysis is.. It is not the dialysis where you have to go to the center 5 hours/3times a week and get the blood filtered through your body.. This one is done at home while Tim is sleeping. They place a port through his stomach and everynight he hooks up to a little machine with 2 bags of fluid and an empty bag and for 8 hours, the clean fluid comes in and the dirty fluid is pushed out. This video will explain that to you incase you are insterested or have kidney disease/family members have kidney disease and you are worried or scared. This allows Tim to function normally and go throughout his day without having to worry about going to a center.. he is able to work and do everything normal.. The cord will not get pulled out of his skin and as long as he is clean there wont be any issues with infection. He has his own nurse on call 24 hours a day and they will come over.. and once a month he has the option to see a doctor at the dialysis center to check his numbers.
We were trying to delay this from happening so that he could have a transplant without going on dialysis but things arent looking that way. Which is fine, the success of transplants is not much different from people that are on Dialysis first and those that can manage to squeeze the Kidney in before starting Dialysis.. and this is temporary until he has the Transplant.. once he has the transplant the tube comes out and his Kidney cane function without a machine. If the kidney fails then he will have this as a back up option and we will go on the Donor list again.
I want to thank everyone again for their kind words and thoughts through all of this. This truly has been a tough year for Tim and his family and myself.. but hopefully with this Dialysis Treatment Tim will feel better and not be dehydrated and sick anymore and be able to go back to work and be healthy.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LriX7okbAqU
Saturday, December 31, 2011
Tuesday, November 8, 2011
Heart Disease
High Blood pressure is what triggered us to go see a doctor for Tim's Kidney Failure. His Kidneys caused effusion (fluid) around his heart which triggered his heart to work faster and harder. It made his heart enlarged and also tough.. Although his heart disease is the least of the issues right now and is controlled it was a huge sign to seek medical attention.. infact it was the only symptom Tim had this entire time... the high blood pressure caused his eyes to start bleeding from the back.. If you go into the grocery store near the pharmacy there are blood pressure cuffs. use them. If you blood pressure is higher than 135/85.. go see your doctor.
Love- Jackie
Love- Jackie
High Blood pressure is what triggered us to go see a doctor for Tim's Kidney Failure. His Kidneys caused effusion (fluid) around his heart which triggered his heart to work faster and harder. It made his heart enlarged and also tough.. Although his heart disease is the least of the issues right now and is controlled it was a huge sign to seek medical attention.. infact it was the only symptom Tim had this entire time... the high blood pressure caused his eyes to start bleeding from the back.. If you go into the grocery store near the pharmacy there are blood pressure cuffs. use them. If you blood pressure is higher than 135/85.. go see your doctor.
Love- Jackie
[Image][Image] [Image]
Health Topics A-ZHealth Topics by CategoryHealth Topics for Cardiovascular HealthUI Heart and Vascular CareCardiovascular Diseases
High blood pressure and heart disease Blood pressure can change from minute to minute, especially when we are excited or afraid, and cause an increase in pulse and a rise in the pressure inside our blood vessels. It also is affected by changes in posture, exercise, sleeping, and medications. Normal blood pressure falls within a range. Monitoring and treating blood pressure is important because damage to arteries begins at fairly low blood pressure levels. Damaged arteries greatly increase the risk for heart attack, stroke, kidney failure, and atherosclerosis.
Blood pressure of less than 120 systolic and less than 80 diastolic is considered normal. A systolic pressure of 120 to 139 or a diastolic pressure of 80 to 89 is considered prehypertension and needs to be watched carefully. Any blood pressure reading equal to or greater than 140 systolic over 90 diastolic is considered high blood pressure. For people over age 50, systolic pressure is more important than diastolic.
High blood pressure is considered a silent killer, because many people with this disease have no symptoms. Over time, this increase in blood pressure can damage the blood vessels or vital organs. This can lead to strokes, heart disease, or kidney disease. High blood pressure is one of the most common risk factors for heart disease.
When blood pressure goes up, the heart has to work harder than normal. This puts the heart and the blood vessels under a strain. If high blood pressure is not treated, the heart will have to work even harder to pump enough blood and oxygen to meet the body's needs. The heart enlarges when it is forced to work harder than normal for a long time. An enlarged heart may have a hard time meeting the demands put on it.
Blood vessels also suffer the effects of high blood pressure. Over time, they become hardened. This often occurs as people age. High blood pressure speeds this process. Blood vessel damage is bad because hardened or narrowed arteries may be unable to supply the amount of blood the body's organs need. If the organs, especially the heart, do not get enough blood, they cannot function properly.
Treating prehypertension and high blood pressure early can decrease the chances of having heart problems in later life. A healthy low- fat, low-salt diet and healthy lifestyle habits, such as getting more exercise, losing weight, quitting smoking, and managing stress, help control high blood pressure. Regular and heavy use of alcohol can dramatically increase blood pressure. Alcohol intake of more than two ounces daily should be avoided. Weight loss of even 10 pounds can help significantly. Healthcare providers often recommend these methods to control blood pressure before turning to medications.
There are many drugs that can lower high blood pressure. Some rid the body of excess fluids and salt. Others reduce the heart rate and blood pressure by allowing the walls of the blood vessels to widen.
People with prehypertension and high blood pressure should:
follow the advice of their healthcare provider stay on their medication and follow all instructions ose weight if overweight stop smoking eat heart healthy foods and exercise Adults should get at least 30 minutes of moderate aerobic exercise most days of the week, preferably daily. (Children need at least 60 minutes a day.) Doing less than this will minimize your health benefits. Moderate aerobic exercise is generally defined as requiring about as much energy as walking 2 miles in 30 minutes.
Last Reviewed 2005 Disclaimer: This content is reviewed periodically and is subject to change as new health information becomes available. The information provided is intended to be informative and educational and is not a replacement for professional medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or treatment by a healthcare professional.HIL File CARD4301.RF2 VRS# 6144 Data Version 7.0 Copyright 1999, 2002-2003 McKesson Health Solutions LLC. All rights reserved.
For more information, please call CHAMPS, 319-356-4652
Email this Page | We Welcome Your Comments | Site Index A-Z
The University of Iowa | Copyright & Disclaimer Statements
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Love- Jackie
[Image][Image] [Image]
Health Topics A-ZHealth Topics by CategoryHealth Topics for Cardiovascular HealthUI Heart and Vascular CareCardiovascular Diseases
High blood pressure and heart disease Blood pressure can change from minute to minute, especially when we are excited or afraid, and cause an increase in pulse and a rise in the pressure inside our blood vessels. It also is affected by changes in posture, exercise, sleeping, and medications. Normal blood pressure falls within a range. Monitoring and treating blood pressure is important because damage to arteries begins at fairly low blood pressure levels. Damaged arteries greatly increase the risk for heart attack, stroke, kidney failure, and atherosclerosis.
Blood pressure of less than 120 systolic and less than 80 diastolic is considered normal. A systolic pressure of 120 to 139 or a diastolic pressure of 80 to 89 is considered prehypertension and needs to be watched carefully. Any blood pressure reading equal to or greater than 140 systolic over 90 diastolic is considered high blood pressure. For people over age 50, systolic pressure is more important than diastolic.
High blood pressure is considered a silent killer, because many people with this disease have no symptoms. Over time, this increase in blood pressure can damage the blood vessels or vital organs. This can lead to strokes, heart disease, or kidney disease. High blood pressure is one of the most common risk factors for heart disease.
When blood pressure goes up, the heart has to work harder than normal. This puts the heart and the blood vessels under a strain. If high blood pressure is not treated, the heart will have to work even harder to pump enough blood and oxygen to meet the body's needs. The heart enlarges when it is forced to work harder than normal for a long time. An enlarged heart may have a hard time meeting the demands put on it.
Blood vessels also suffer the effects of high blood pressure. Over time, they become hardened. This often occurs as people age. High blood pressure speeds this process. Blood vessel damage is bad because hardened or narrowed arteries may be unable to supply the amount of blood the body's organs need. If the organs, especially the heart, do not get enough blood, they cannot function properly.
Treating prehypertension and high blood pressure early can decrease the chances of having heart problems in later life. A healthy low- fat, low-salt diet and healthy lifestyle habits, such as getting more exercise, losing weight, quitting smoking, and managing stress, help control high blood pressure. Regular and heavy use of alcohol can dramatically increase blood pressure. Alcohol intake of more than two ounces daily should be avoided. Weight loss of even 10 pounds can help significantly. Healthcare providers often recommend these methods to control blood pressure before turning to medications.
There are many drugs that can lower high blood pressure. Some rid the body of excess fluids and salt. Others reduce the heart rate and blood pressure by allowing the walls of the blood vessels to widen.
People with prehypertension and high blood pressure should:
follow the advice of their healthcare provider stay on their medication and follow all instructions ose weight if overweight stop smoking eat heart healthy foods and exercise Adults should get at least 30 minutes of moderate aerobic exercise most days of the week, preferably daily. (Children need at least 60 minutes a day.) Doing less than this will minimize your health benefits. Moderate aerobic exercise is generally defined as requiring about as much energy as walking 2 miles in 30 minutes.
Last Reviewed 2005 Disclaimer: This content is reviewed periodically and is subject to change as new health information becomes available. The information provided is intended to be informative and educational and is not a replacement for professional medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or treatment by a healthcare professional.HIL File CARD4301.RF2 VRS# 6144 Data Version 7.0 Copyright 1999, 2002-2003 McKesson Health Solutions LLC. All rights reserved.
For more information, please call CHAMPS, 319-356-4652
Email this Page | We Welcome Your Comments | Site Index A-Z
The University of Iowa | Copyright & Disclaimer Statements
[Image]Printer Friendly page
University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics
200 Hawkins Drive
Iowa City, Iowa 52242 Last modification date: Fri Sep 26 14:18:21 2008
URL: http://www.uihealthcare.com /topics/cardiovascularhealth/card4301.html var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www."); document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); try { var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-2038901-7"); pageTracker._trackPageview(); } catch(err) {}
Sunday, November 6, 2011
Colonoscopy-- Help yourself..get checked
Tim has his colonoscopy tomorrow.. Today was a pretty rough day.. trying to get him to drink a gallon of nasty water was rough.. not that he wasnt compliant but he just cant take in that amount of fluid.. it took a long time to get the stuff down. I read up on a colonoscopy and here is a little information.
Wish him luck tomorrow!
Love
Jackie
Wish him luck tomorrow!
Love
Jackie
The truth about colonoscopy prep
MY TURN
Be grateful for procedure's benefits, book an early appointment and stock up on food for afterward.
Colonoscopy: The very word sends shudders down the spine of anyone who has drunk "the drink" -- the concoction that cleanses the colon so the doctor can later examine it. I've enjoyed three different procedures with three different preps, and I've made it my mantra to minimize the misery:
The appointment: Just pick up the phone. The test is far better than cancer would be. My first one was early, at age 45, because my mother died of colon cancer. Feel nothing but gratitude that such a preventive procedure exists.
The appointment: Just pick up the phone. The test is far better than cancer would be. My first one was early, at age 45, because my mother died of colon cancer. Feel nothing but gratitude that such a preventive procedure exists.
Once you've drummed thanksgiving into your brain, your aura should be one of pride: You are proactive in your plan to remain healthy and cancer-free! You are in control -- but be sure to request enough medication for the procedure to knock you out cold.
And make yours the very first appointment of the day. Trust me on this: When you haven't eaten anything but lemon Jell-O and Gatorade for 24 hours and you've been awake half the night evacuating everything out of your system, you will want to get this over with so that you can go home and take the longest nap of your life.
The prep: I've chugged the concentrate (two 8-ounce drinks so nasty and salty you'd swear you were drinking water from a Morton salt box), I've thrown back the pills (six horse tablets every 15 minutes) and I've faced the two-gallon pre-mixed jug you have to chug. I'd have to say pills were the best: You can't taste tablets.
A friend told me to keep the giant jug refrigerated because cold kills its Great Salt Lake flavor. But my doctor's instructions were specific: Allow it to reach room temperature. When I inquired of the pharmacist about this, he told me my stomach might constrict were I to leave it cold. So much for that idea.
Pretend that you hold in your hand the only antidote to the lethal virus that has been introduced by some foreign monkey into our country. You will die if you do not drink this glass within 10 seconds every 10 minutes. You may not stop, and you may not lose it into the kitchen sink. It is your only hope.
If imagination doesn't do it for you, locate a friend with whom you feel comfortable sharing your innermost rumblings and e-mail your way through the prep. No one should have to do this alone.
Should you need more encouragement to swallow, read the fine print attached to the bottle: If you are unable to hold down the contents, your doctor will introduce it into your system through your nasal cavity. That's right -- up your nose with a rubber hose. That, in my case, was powerful motivation.
My father, on the other hand, took another tack -- he mixed his prep with straight tequila. "It's clear liquid," he protested. "What would Jimmy Buffett do?"
The bathroom: You are going to be there for a while. Light a scented candle and bring a gripping book or some People magazines.
The procedure: A piece of cake! If for you, like me, the most dreaded part is the IV, ask for a numbing agent on the arm followed by a tiny shot of local anesthesia under the skin. One minute I was awake, the next I was awake again, getting rid of gas like a trooper. Don't be shy -- everyone does this. If you don't, there isn't enough Gas-X in the drugstore to soothe your pain.
And make yours the very first appointment of the day. Trust me on this: When you haven't eaten anything but lemon Jell-O and Gatorade for 24 hours and you've been awake half the night evacuating everything out of your system, you will want to get this over with so that you can go home and take the longest nap of your life.
The prep: I've chugged the concentrate (two 8-ounce drinks so nasty and salty you'd swear you were drinking water from a Morton salt box), I've thrown back the pills (six horse tablets every 15 minutes) and I've faced the two-gallon pre-mixed jug you have to chug. I'd have to say pills were the best: You can't taste tablets.
A friend told me to keep the giant jug refrigerated because cold kills its Great Salt Lake flavor. But my doctor's instructions were specific: Allow it to reach room temperature. When I inquired of the pharmacist about this, he told me my stomach might constrict were I to leave it cold. So much for that idea.
Pretend that you hold in your hand the only antidote to the lethal virus that has been introduced by some foreign monkey into our country. You will die if you do not drink this glass within 10 seconds every 10 minutes. You may not stop, and you may not lose it into the kitchen sink. It is your only hope.
If imagination doesn't do it for you, locate a friend with whom you feel comfortable sharing your innermost rumblings and e-mail your way through the prep. No one should have to do this alone.
Should you need more encouragement to swallow, read the fine print attached to the bottle: If you are unable to hold down the contents, your doctor will introduce it into your system through your nasal cavity. That's right -- up your nose with a rubber hose. That, in my case, was powerful motivation.
My father, on the other hand, took another tack -- he mixed his prep with straight tequila. "It's clear liquid," he protested. "What would Jimmy Buffett do?"
The bathroom: You are going to be there for a while. Light a scented candle and bring a gripping book or some People magazines.
The procedure: A piece of cake! If for you, like me, the most dreaded part is the IV, ask for a numbing agent on the arm followed by a tiny shot of local anesthesia under the skin. One minute I was awake, the next I was awake again, getting rid of gas like a trooper. Don't be shy -- everyone does this. If you don't, there isn't enough Gas-X in the drugstore to soothe your pain.
The recovery: Stock your pantry in readiness: You'll pack in food like a starving bear once this is done -- after your six-hour nap, that is. Have the bed all ready, shutters drawn. Once I slept from noon until the next morning.
The moral: Remember, it's all about perspective. The third time, I woke up from my afternoon beauty slumber knowing that the things I waste time worrying about pale next to the blessings of good health, bounteous food -- and the reassurance that my next colonoscopy appointment is not for five years.
The moral: Remember, it's all about perspective. The third time, I woke up from my afternoon beauty slumber knowing that the things I waste time worrying about pale next to the blessings of good health, bounteous food -- and the reassurance that my next colonoscopy appointment is not for five years.
Thursday, November 3, 2011
Coping with End Stage Renal Failure
Coping with end stage renal failure
There is an old saying that the fear of something is often worse than the reality and this is frequently the case with renal failure.All of us have our life planned out in our minds. There are the immediate things which we know we will be doing in the next few hours, days and weeks. There are the things we plan to do over the next few months - the family wedding, the annual will do once we have the time!
When something as life threatening such as renal failure comes along to rock our boat, it is natural that we feel anxious, afraid and worried over what the future holds for us. All of a sudden, there is a big question mark over the life we had planned and an uncertainty over what will replace it.
There is much research to show that no matter what we lose, be it our keys, someone close to us, part of our body or body function, we, as humans, respond in the same way.
Initially, when the loss is discovered, there is a sense of numbness which may last for a few seconds, hours or even days and then we often go through a period of denial - you; know the feeling, "maybe if I really stick to the diet my kidneys: will get better".
Eventually the reality sinks in, however - this is for real - this is happening to me. Some of us continue the denial, go about life as if nothing has changed, some of us panic, seek reassurances that all will be well and many of us just take each day as it comes and decide to worry about it when "tomorrow" comes.
All this is fine and part of the adjustment process, but eventually we have to move on because all too often "tomorrow" does come, and we are faced with the reality that change is inevitable and life will never be quite the same again.
Some of us become sad, some angry, and a few of us become very controlled and decide to keep our feelings to ourselves. Once again, this is fine - it's all part of the adjustment process, but remember, it's not only you, the patient, who feels the effects of approaching renal failure, all the uncertainties, worries and anxieties. These are also felt by those nearest to you. They also worry about you and how this will affect their future. Change is around for everyone.
What you are feeling right now is a natural reaction to what you have been going through for the past weeks, months or maybe years. There is much uncertainty around, uncertainty that we somehow have to learn to live with. Some patients feel they have lost control of their lives and that suddenly someone else is "pulling the strings".
Try not to keep things to yourself. A problem shared is a problem halved. Often with a little bit of information many things suddenly fall into place and we begin to see that little bit of sunlight.
So ask. Speak to the doctor at the clinic; ask to see one of the Unit social workers, anyone you feel at ease with. All of us have many years experience working with kidney patients and there are few situations we have not coped with before. Share your concerns and we will do our best to help.
Sexuality and Chronic Kidney Failure
Sexuality and Chronic Kidney Disease
Many people think that sexuality refers only to the act of sexual intercourse. Sexuality includes many factors, such as how people feel about themselves, how they communicate with others and how willing they are to build a relationship. In addition, sexuality involves a wide range of pleasurable sexual activities that may or may not include intercourse, such as touching, hugging and kissing. Being a sexual person is healthy. Lovemaking may provide a way of feeling "normal" for people who are chronically ill.How can kidney disease affect sex life?
Kidney disease can cause physical and emotional changes that may affect your sex life. The chemical changes that occur in your body with kidney disease affect hormones, circulation, nerve function and energy level. These changes usually lower sexual interest and/or sexual ability. Physical changes may cause people with kidney disease to feel less attractive sexually. Many of the medicines used to treat high blood pressure may affect sexual functioning.Use of steroids may cause weight gain, acne, and unwanted hair growth or loss. Surgical scars can cause patients to feel unattractive. Medical changes and changes in self-image may affect sexual interest and functioning.
Is sexual intercourse safe for kidney patients?
Patients and their partners may worry that sexual activity could cause the patient's death or harm the dialysis access or transplanted kidney. No limitations need to be placed on kidney patients sexually. If sexual activity does not place pressure or tension on the access site, it will not cause damage. After receiving a transplant, it is important to wait until the scar has begun to heal. Once the doctor says it is all right to resume sexual activity, there is no reason to worry about damaging the transplanted kidney. Fear can cause people to avoid sexual activity needlessly.For some couples, sexual intercourse is not possible. Some may feel that sex is not as important as it once was. Activities such as touching, hugging, and kissing provide feelings of warmth and closeness even if intercourse is not involved. Professional sex therapists can recommend alternative methods.
Will a child's sexual development be affected by kidney failure?
This depends on the child's age when kidney failure occurs. Young children with kidney disease are usually smaller than other children their age. They are also slower to develop sexually. Children who are on dialysis probably will have slower growth and sexual development than children who have kidney transplants. If a teenager has kidney disease, sexual development may slow down or even stop. For example, teenage girls may not have periods. Changes due to kidney failure and treatment may make the teenager feel different from his or her friends. Parents should express their concerns about growth and sexual development to the doctor. Parents of a child or teenager who is ill must fight the impulse to protect their child from the pain of growing up. Self-worth, independence, and sexual identity are important for teenagers. Parents need to talk openly with their children about physical, emotional, and sexual issues. Support groups for children and teenagers with kidney disease can be helpful. Contact a renal social worker or the National Kidney Foundation to find out if support groups are available near you.Can you get AIDS from a transplant and risk giving AIDS to your sex partners?
Kidneys for transplantation and blood transfusions are now routinely tested for the AIDS virus. The risk of getting AIDS from a transplant or transfusion in the last few years is very small. Therefore, the risk of giving AIDS to a sex partner is small as a result of a transplant. Most health departments and health clinics can do a simple confidential blood test for HIV. Until the results of this test are known, use of a condom lowers the risk of passing the AIDS virus to a sex partner. Practicing safe sex is important for everyone.Can a kidney transplant from someone of the opposite sex affect me sexually?
No. The sex of the kidney donor has no physical effect on the recipient's ability to function sexually or on sexual preference (heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual).Do transplant patients have fewer sexual problems than dialysis patients?
Generally, transplant patients have fewer sexual problems than dialysis patients because they may have fewer physical problems that affect their sex life like fatigue or anemia. But, having a transplant does not make them less prone to sexual concerns. The level of interest in and ability to have sex varies with things like the quality of the relationship, age, stress level, and physical conditions.Will sexual problems get worse the longer dialysis continues?
This depends on the person. Having kidney failure, like any other chronic diseases, means that the body is in a weaker overall state of health. However, as the body adjusts to the treatment, the kidney patient should feel better physically and emotionally, and interest in sex may return to its earlier level. It is important to be patient and allow time to get used to the kidney disease and treatment. Being flexible and having a positive attitude about yourself and about sex may lower the chances of having severe sexual problems.Can you tell whether sexual problems are due to physical or emotional causes?
Yes. This requires a complete medical, psychological and sexual history of the patient and his/her partner. Medicines should be reviewed for sexual side effects and changed if possible. Blood tests should include hormone levels and blood sugar levels to check for diabetes. Men can be checked to see if nerve and blood supply to the penis are good and if they can have an erection. If no physical problem is found, an emotional cause must be considered.What can be done if the problem is physical?
Several options are available for men whose penis will not get or stay hard (erection). Penile implant surgery places inflatable or semi-rigid rods into the penis. In some cases, surgery can improve blood flow to the penis. If the man does not want surgery, male hormones may be given. Oral and injectable medications can cause an erection. External suction devices can make the penis hard enough for intercourse, but they require time and hand strength. Doctors with special training in impotence can give information on all options as well as their advantages, disadvantages, and side effects.Women patients usually have less vaginal wetness and may have pain during sexual activity. Lower hormone levels can cause vaginal dryness. Use of a water-soluble vaginal lubricant can lower or stop pain associated with intercourse. Do not use petroleum jelly because it can increase the risk of infection. Some women may be unable to have a climax or may need more time to get "turned on" because of loss of energy, hormone changes, or medications for high blood pressure. A change in blood pressure medicine or extra hormones may be needed. Your doctor can provide information on options.
What can be done if the problem is psychological?
Feeling worried, anxious and depressed is normal when faced with a serious loss such as kidney failure. These emotions can cause loss of energy and lower interest in many activities including sex. If a sexual problem does occur, embarrassment and guilt often follow. Fear that the problem will happen again may cause the person to shy away from sexual situations. Relaxation exercises can help to control these fears. Regular physical exercise and activity help keep the mind busy and can improve physical condition and body image. If sexual problems continue, sex therapy can help. Even if the problem is psychological, some of the treatment options mentioned for physical problems may be helpful.Can sex therapy help?
Sex therapy deals with the sexual problems of couples and individuals. The first step in sex therapy may be sexual education for the individual or couple. The therapist may assign activities to be done at home. These include communication exercises, stress reduction activities, and practicing ways of improving skills in giving and receiving enjoyable touches. Sex therapy can help with problems such as low sexual interest, trouble in reaching climax or reaching climax too soon, pain during sexual activity, and erection difficulties. Therapy also can help a person work through the effects of chronic illness on sexual functioning.A sex therapist can be a psychiatrist, psychologist, physician, or social worker. Look for someone who is licensed and who has advanced training and experience in sexuality and sexual problems. Charges vary and may be covered partly by insurance.
What can kidney patients do to help themselves?
Take an active role in learning about kidney disease and treatment. Follow the prescribed diet and fluid limits. Take all medications properly and tell the doctor of any side effects. Ask for an exercise program to help muscle tone, strength, and endurance. Your doctor and dietitian can suggest a weight gain or loss program, if needed. Lead a healthy lifestyle. Be aware of other things that could affect your sexual functioning, such as drinking too much alcohol and smoking.CKD information to munch on
The National Kidney Foundation suggests guidelines for renal dietitians who are preparing and teaching special diets for persons with kidney disease. This article will help you plan your meals and eating in order to slow or halt the progression of kidney disease. Specifically, if the amount of protein eaten is limited, it may help alleviate the symptoms of uremia, such as nausea, vomiting, bad taste and weight loss.
PROTEIN
Protein may be limited to 0.6 grams per kilogram ideal body weight per day. If the patient simply cannot adhere to this restriction, then 0.75 grams per kilogram ideal body weight per day. For your information, the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for protein in healthy persons is 0.8 grams per kilogram body weight per day. One can see there is very little difference in the normal diet for healthy individuals and the diet that is recommended to delay the progression of kidney disease. People probably eat twice the amount of protein needed to be healthy.
Here is an example of how the protein in the diet would be figured:
A man 5’7” tall and 150 pounds (70 kilos)
0.6 grams X 70 kilos = 42 grams protein per day
0.75 grams X 70 kilos = 52 grams protein per day
Here are some samples of protein in foods:
1 egg = 7 grams protein
1 chicken thigh = 14 grams protein
8 ounces skim milk = 8 grams protein
1 slice bread = 2 grams protein
1 cup cooked rice = 4 grams protein
1/2 cup corn = 2 grams protein
CALORIES
According to the National Kidney Foundation Guidelines, calories in this special diet should be 35 calories per kilogram per day for those less than 60 years of age and 30 calories per kilogram per day for those over 60 years of age. Calories are found in carbohydrates, protein, fats and alcohol. As alcohol is not a necessary nutrient, it is not recommended. People with diabetes may need to eat more calories from carbohydrates to prevent weight loss. The medication to control blood sugar may need to be adjusted and/or increased.
POTASSIUM
Potassium is not usually restricted until urine output begins to decrease. Sometimes people with diabetes may need to have potassium limited.
Foods high in potassium are:
Bananas, Oranges, Orange Juice, Milk, Prunes, Prune Juice, Tomato Juice, Tomato Sauce, Nuts, Chocolate, Dried Peas and Beans
SODIUM AND BLOOD PRESSURE
High sodium foods can increase blood pressure. High blood pressure is one of the major causes of kidney disease. New research tells us strict blood pressure control is important. Ask your doctor what your target blood pressure should be. A person may require more than one high blood pressure medicine. The first line of high blood pressure medication is called an “ace inhibitor.” This may improve a condition known as “proteinuria” or protein in the urine. This can affect diabetics and non-diabetics with high blood pressure. Some persons need a diuretic or “water pill” to help control high blood pressure.
High sodium foods to avoid include:
Salt, Bacon, Ham, Corned Beef, Pepperoni, Sausage, Pizza, Chinese Food, Fast Foods, Pickles, Cheese, Soy Sauce, Canned Soups, Potato Chips, Fritos, Cheetos
FLUID RESTRICTION
There is usually no restriction in the amount of fluids you can drink until severe kidney disease (Stage 4 or 5) is reached. The amount of urine your kidneys can make will usually not decrease until it is almost time to begin dialysis. It is called “kidney failure” because eventually the kidneys fail to make urine.
PHOSPHORUS
Phosphorus is a mineral found in almost all foods. Normal kidneys will balance the amount of phosphorus in our bodies. However, when the kidneys fail to eliminate this in the urine, the phosphorus will increase in the blood. High phosphorus foods will need to be limited and/or avoided. A medication called a phosphate binder (such as Oscal, Phoslo and Tums) may be ordered by your physician to be taken every time you eat. This medication will bind the phosphorus in the food and eliminate it in the stool. Control of phosphorus is very difficult for kidney disease patients. Ignoring this problem can lead to bone disease with pain in the back and joints.
High phosphorus foods to eliminate are:
Milk (any kind) - Start learning to use a milk substitute like Cremora (powdered) or Coffeemate (liquid) - Beans (red, black, white), Black Eyed Peas, Lima Beans, Nuts, Chocolate, Yogurt, Cheese, Liver, Sardines, Desserts made with milk
ANEMIA
Healthy kidneys make a hormone that helps make red blood cells. One of the symptoms of kidney disease is anemia, which causes weakness, tiredness and shortness of breath. Your kidney doctor may give you an injection called “Procrit.” This may help improve your anemia. The doctor may also order iron injections because in order to make red blood cells, you will need enough iron. Unfortunately, in some people the special diet will not provide enough iron and iron pills would be taken.
VITAMINS
Diseases of the heart and blood vessels remain the number one health problem in the U.S. Recently, a new risk factor has been identified in kidney disease patients. It is an amino acid called homocysteine. Over 75 percent of dialysis patients have increased homocysteine levels. Too much homocysteine in the blood has been found to be associated with increased risk of heart disease, stroke and blood vessel disease. Studies have shown that homocysteine levels in the blood are strongly influenced by these specific vitamins: Folic Acid, Vitamin B12 and Vitamin B6. The American Heart Association has indicated that a reasonable therapeutic goal should be less than 10 micromoles per liter. Ask your kidney doctor if you should be taking a special vitamin to help prevent high levels of homocysteine.
DIABETICS
Since about 40 percent of all kidney disease patients are diabetic, it is important to know about good control of your blood sugar. There is a special blood test called a “hemoglobin A1C.” This test tells what your blood sugars have been in the past two to three months. The normal range is 4.5 to 6.0 percent. Poor control of blood sugar contributes to the progression of your kidney disease. Be sure to ask your doctor how you are doing with blood sugar control. It may be necessary to be referred to a diabetes educator for help.
Sample Menu: 40-50 grams protein
(For non diabetic man 5’7” tall and 150 pounds (70 kilos) with CKD)
BREAKFAST
• 1/2 cup (4 ounces) orange juice • 1 English muffin or 2 slices bread
• At least one tablespoon margarine with jelly
• Coffee or tea with non-dairy creamer and sugar
SNACK
• 2 canned pear halves in heavy syrup
LUNCH
• 2 slices white bread • At least 2 tablespoons mayonnaise with lettuce and tomato
• 1 ounce chicken (such as a small thigh) or 1 hard boiled egg
• 2 canned peach halves in heavy syrup
• 7-UP, lemonade or Hawaiian Punch
SNACK
• Baked apple with 1/2 cup non-dairy whipped topping
DINNER
• 3-4 ounces steak (weigh after cooking, without bone) , sauté in tablespoons olive oil
• 1 small baked potato with at least 2 tablespoons margarine
• 1/2 cup fresh green beans, carrots or broccoli with margarine
• Lettuce, onions, cucumbers, green pepper
• At least 2 tablespoons olive oil with vinegar or lemon
• 1/8 apple or cherry pie with 1/2 cup fruit sorbet (this is not sherbet)
• Iced tea with sugar and lemon or Sprite
SNACK
• 1 small banana and 10 vanilla wafers
• Coffee or tea with non-dairy creamer and sugar
NOTE: Olive oil, margarine and mayonnaise contain little or no protein
PROTEIN
Protein may be limited to 0.6 grams per kilogram ideal body weight per day. If the patient simply cannot adhere to this restriction, then 0.75 grams per kilogram ideal body weight per day. For your information, the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for protein in healthy persons is 0.8 grams per kilogram body weight per day. One can see there is very little difference in the normal diet for healthy individuals and the diet that is recommended to delay the progression of kidney disease. People probably eat twice the amount of protein needed to be healthy.
Here is an example of how the protein in the diet would be figured:
A man 5’7” tall and 150 pounds (70 kilos)
0.6 grams X 70 kilos = 42 grams protein per day
0.75 grams X 70 kilos = 52 grams protein per day
Here are some samples of protein in foods:
1 egg = 7 grams protein
1 chicken thigh = 14 grams protein
8 ounces skim milk = 8 grams protein
1 slice bread = 2 grams protein
1 cup cooked rice = 4 grams protein
1/2 cup corn = 2 grams protein
CALORIES
According to the National Kidney Foundation Guidelines, calories in this special diet should be 35 calories per kilogram per day for those less than 60 years of age and 30 calories per kilogram per day for those over 60 years of age. Calories are found in carbohydrates, protein, fats and alcohol. As alcohol is not a necessary nutrient, it is not recommended. People with diabetes may need to eat more calories from carbohydrates to prevent weight loss. The medication to control blood sugar may need to be adjusted and/or increased.
POTASSIUM
Potassium is not usually restricted until urine output begins to decrease. Sometimes people with diabetes may need to have potassium limited.
Foods high in potassium are:
Bananas, Oranges, Orange Juice, Milk, Prunes, Prune Juice, Tomato Juice, Tomato Sauce, Nuts, Chocolate, Dried Peas and Beans
SODIUM AND BLOOD PRESSURE
High sodium foods can increase blood pressure. High blood pressure is one of the major causes of kidney disease. New research tells us strict blood pressure control is important. Ask your doctor what your target blood pressure should be. A person may require more than one high blood pressure medicine. The first line of high blood pressure medication is called an “ace inhibitor.” This may improve a condition known as “proteinuria” or protein in the urine. This can affect diabetics and non-diabetics with high blood pressure. Some persons need a diuretic or “water pill” to help control high blood pressure.
High sodium foods to avoid include:
Salt, Bacon, Ham, Corned Beef, Pepperoni, Sausage, Pizza, Chinese Food, Fast Foods, Pickles, Cheese, Soy Sauce, Canned Soups, Potato Chips, Fritos, Cheetos
FLUID RESTRICTION
There is usually no restriction in the amount of fluids you can drink until severe kidney disease (Stage 4 or 5) is reached. The amount of urine your kidneys can make will usually not decrease until it is almost time to begin dialysis. It is called “kidney failure” because eventually the kidneys fail to make urine.
PHOSPHORUS
Phosphorus is a mineral found in almost all foods. Normal kidneys will balance the amount of phosphorus in our bodies. However, when the kidneys fail to eliminate this in the urine, the phosphorus will increase in the blood. High phosphorus foods will need to be limited and/or avoided. A medication called a phosphate binder (such as Oscal, Phoslo and Tums) may be ordered by your physician to be taken every time you eat. This medication will bind the phosphorus in the food and eliminate it in the stool. Control of phosphorus is very difficult for kidney disease patients. Ignoring this problem can lead to bone disease with pain in the back and joints.
High phosphorus foods to eliminate are:
Milk (any kind) - Start learning to use a milk substitute like Cremora (powdered) or Coffeemate (liquid) - Beans (red, black, white), Black Eyed Peas, Lima Beans, Nuts, Chocolate, Yogurt, Cheese, Liver, Sardines, Desserts made with milk
ANEMIA
Healthy kidneys make a hormone that helps make red blood cells. One of the symptoms of kidney disease is anemia, which causes weakness, tiredness and shortness of breath. Your kidney doctor may give you an injection called “Procrit.” This may help improve your anemia. The doctor may also order iron injections because in order to make red blood cells, you will need enough iron. Unfortunately, in some people the special diet will not provide enough iron and iron pills would be taken.
VITAMINS
Diseases of the heart and blood vessels remain the number one health problem in the U.S. Recently, a new risk factor has been identified in kidney disease patients. It is an amino acid called homocysteine. Over 75 percent of dialysis patients have increased homocysteine levels. Too much homocysteine in the blood has been found to be associated with increased risk of heart disease, stroke and blood vessel disease. Studies have shown that homocysteine levels in the blood are strongly influenced by these specific vitamins: Folic Acid, Vitamin B12 and Vitamin B6. The American Heart Association has indicated that a reasonable therapeutic goal should be less than 10 micromoles per liter. Ask your kidney doctor if you should be taking a special vitamin to help prevent high levels of homocysteine.
DIABETICS
Since about 40 percent of all kidney disease patients are diabetic, it is important to know about good control of your blood sugar. There is a special blood test called a “hemoglobin A1C.” This test tells what your blood sugars have been in the past two to three months. The normal range is 4.5 to 6.0 percent. Poor control of blood sugar contributes to the progression of your kidney disease. Be sure to ask your doctor how you are doing with blood sugar control. It may be necessary to be referred to a diabetes educator for help.
Sample Menu: 40-50 grams protein
(For non diabetic man 5’7” tall and 150 pounds (70 kilos) with CKD)
BREAKFAST
• 1/2 cup (4 ounces) orange juice • 1 English muffin or 2 slices bread
• At least one tablespoon margarine with jelly
• Coffee or tea with non-dairy creamer and sugar
SNACK
• 2 canned pear halves in heavy syrup
LUNCH
• 2 slices white bread • At least 2 tablespoons mayonnaise with lettuce and tomato
• 1 ounce chicken (such as a small thigh) or 1 hard boiled egg
• 2 canned peach halves in heavy syrup
• 7-UP, lemonade or Hawaiian Punch
SNACK
• Baked apple with 1/2 cup non-dairy whipped topping
DINNER
• 3-4 ounces steak (weigh after cooking, without bone) , sauté in tablespoons olive oil
• 1 small baked potato with at least 2 tablespoons margarine
• 1/2 cup fresh green beans, carrots or broccoli with margarine
• Lettuce, onions, cucumbers, green pepper
• At least 2 tablespoons olive oil with vinegar or lemon
• 1/8 apple or cherry pie with 1/2 cup fruit sorbet (this is not sherbet)
• Iced tea with sugar and lemon or Sprite
SNACK
• 1 small banana and 10 vanilla wafers
• Coffee or tea with non-dairy creamer and sugar
NOTE: Olive oil, margarine and mayonnaise contain little or no protein
Eating Right-
This is not recommended for the Kidney Diet, but for those who are healthy now and plan to stay that way, I have found this for you!
-Jackie
Who would have thought you could fight cancer, diabetes, heart disease and stroke … with a fork?
Many people don’t know it, but one of the most important things you can do to protect yourself from these diseases is to eat a healthy diet Whether or not you have a family history of cancer, diabetes, heart disease or stroke, what you eat - and how much you eat - can help reduce your risk. As a matter of fact, if you are one of the many Americans who do not smoke, eating well – along with being active and maintaining a healthy weight – is your best defense against disease.
Following a few simple recommendations from the American Cancer Society, American Diabetes Association and the American Heart Association can help you eat your way to a healthier weight – and a healthier YOU!
No doubt about it – our portion sizes are getting bigger and bigger, and unfortunately, so are our waistlines. Beware of portion distortion, and help trim down the number of calories you eat each day.
Cooking Tips
-Jackie
Who would have thought you could fight cancer, diabetes, heart disease and stroke … with a fork?
Many people don’t know it, but one of the most important things you can do to protect yourself from these diseases is to eat a healthy diet Whether or not you have a family history of cancer, diabetes, heart disease or stroke, what you eat - and how much you eat - can help reduce your risk. As a matter of fact, if you are one of the many Americans who do not smoke, eating well – along with being active and maintaining a healthy weight – is your best defense against disease.
Following a few simple recommendations from the American Cancer Society, American Diabetes Association and the American Heart Association can help you eat your way to a healthier weight – and a healthier YOU!
Make Healthy Choices
Eat at least five servings of vegetables and fruits each day.- Does “five” sound like a lot? Serving sizes are actually smaller than you might think!
- One medium piece of fruit
- ¼ cup of dried fruit
- ½ cup chopped, canned or frozen fruit
- 6 oz of 100% fruit or vegetable juice
- ½ cup chopped, canned or frozen vegetables
- 1 cup of leafy greens
- Focus on fruits and veggies that have the most color. They’re generally the most nutritious.
- Choose whole-grain rice, bread, pasta and cereals.
- Not sure if it’s whole grain? Look for “whole wheat” or another whole grain as the first ingredient on the label.
- Limit consumption of refined carbohydrates, including pastries, sweetened cereals, soft drinks and other foods high in sugar. .
- Choose monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats such as olive oil, canola oil and peanut oil.
- Avoid trans fats, found in many margarines and baked goods.
- Limit your intake of saturated fats and cholesterol found in meats and dairy products.
- Select lean cuts of meat (look for “round” or “loin”).
- Trim excess fat from meats.
- Choose low-fat and fat-free dairy products.
- Choose poultry, fish and beans as alternatives to beef, lamb and pork.
- Add avocados and nuts to your diet. (These are high in healthy fats, but also high in calories, so don’t go overboard!)
- Eating out? Restaurant portions are frequently two to three times larger than normal portions. Remember these tips next time you dine out:
- Split an entrée with a friend or save half of it for lunch the next day.
- Have an appetizer and salad or soup as your main course.
- At home, serve appropriate portion sizes, and store the rest for leftovers. Avoid eating directly out of a bag or carton. Think about buying foods packaged in individual serving sizes to help you control portions. Serve dinner on your smaller salad plates instead of your dinner plates!
No doubt about it – our portion sizes are getting bigger and bigger, and unfortunately, so are our waistlines. Beware of portion distortion, and help trim down the number of calories you eat each day.
- Use these visuals to help you judge what a normal portion size is:
- ½ cup of vegetables or fruit is about the size of your fist.
- A medium apple is the size of a baseball.
- A three-ounce portion of meat, fish or poultry is about the size of deck of cards.
- A single-serving bagel is about the size of a hockey puck.
- 1 ½ ounces of cheese is the size of a pair of dice.
- One tablespoon of peanut butter is about the size of the tip of your thumb.
- Eating out? Restaurant portions are frequently two to three times larger than normal portions. Remember these tips next time you dine out:
- Split an entrée with a friend or save half of it for lunch the next day.
- Have an appetizer and salad or soup as your main course.
- At home, serve appropriate portion sizes, and store the rest for leftovers. Avoid eating directly out of a bag or carton. Think about buying foods packaged in individual serving sizes to help you control portions. Serve dinner on your smaller salad plates instead of your dinner plates!
Choose Foods That Help Maintain a Healthy Weight
In addition to watching your portion sizes, substituting lower calorie foods for higher calorie foods can help influence what your scale says.Cooking Tips
- Use low-fat cooking methods like roasting, baking, broiling, steaming or poaching. Limit deep-fat frying and sautéing in a lot of oil, butter or margarine. Use a cooking spray, broth or water to sauté meats.
- Substitute vegetables, fruits and other lower-calorie foods – lowfat dairy products, lean meats and cheeses, whole grains, and reduced sugar foods - for calorie-dense foods such as French fries, cheeseburgers, pizza, ice cream, doughnuts and other sweets
- Use evaporated (skim or whole) milk instead of higher-fat cream in baked goods, sauces and soups.
- Use reduced-fat or fat-free yogurt to replace all or part of the sour cream or mayonnaise in a recipe. Replace part of ricotta cheese with reduced-fat cottage cheese. Use a puree of cooked potatoes, onion, and celery as a creamy base for soups instead of cream or half-and-half.
- Sharp cheese gives extra flavor so that less can be used. This helps trim the fat.
- Select yogurt or milk products without added sugar or flavorings. Mix in fresh fruit for a flavor boost.
Monday, October 31, 2011
Chemo isnt just for Cancer
When someone hears the word Chemo it is automatically associated with Cancer patients. Well, I have learned that Chemo helps a lot more issues than cancer. With Tim the Chemo meds help suppress his autoiummune system which is what is killing his insides. Tim diseaes Lupus triggered his kidneys so taking this drug once a month will kill the immune system and force to start all over again without previous knowledge of the damage. Although the chances of him getting lupus flares again is against him, this will help with his new kidney and now that we have information about his disease we can catch it first hand instead of finding out he has stage 5 kidney failure. Chemotherapy is treated for a lot of autoimmue diseases such as lupus, wegeners, Arthritis, and I found out today it is also helping someone with MS (multiple scelerosis) Just thought it was interesting. Here is some information on the type of Chemo Tim is taking to give you a better understanding.
-Jackie & Tim
The main use of cyclophosphamide is together with other chemotherapy agents in the treatment of lymphomas, some forms of leukemia[3] and some solid tumors.[4] It is a chemotherapy drug that works by slowing or stopping cell growth.
Cyclophosphamide IV dripCyclophosphamide also decreases the immune system's response to various diseases and conditions. Therefore, it has been used in various non-neoplastic autoimmune diseases where disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) have been ineffective. For example, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with severe lupus nephritis[5] may respond to pulsed cyclophosphamide (in 2005, however, standard treatment for lupus nephritis changed to mycophenolic acid (MMF) from cyclophosphamide). Cyclophosphamide is also used to treat minimal change disease,[6] severe rheumatoid arthritis,[7] Wegener's granulomatosis[8] (with trade name Cytoxan), and multiple sclerosis[9] (with trade name Revimmune).
A 2004 study[10] showed that the biological actions of cyclophosphamide are dose-dependent. At higher doses, it is associated with increased cytotoxicity and immunosuppression, while at low continuous dosage it shows immunostimulatory and antiangiogenic properties. A 2009 study of 17 patients with docetaxel-resistant metastatic hormone refractory prostate cancer showed a Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) decrease in 9 of the 17 patients. Median survival was 24 months for the entire group, and 60 months for those with a PSA response. The study concluded that low-dose cyclophosphamide "might be a viable alternative" treatment for docetaxel-resistant MHRPC and "is an interesting candidate for combination therapies, e.g., immunotherapy, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and antiangiogenisis
Many people taking cyclophosphamide do have serious side effects. Side-effects include chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), bone marrow suppression, stomach ache, diarrhea, darkening of the skin/nails, alopecia (hair loss) or thinning of hair, changes in color and texture of the hair, and lethargy. Hemorrhagic cystitis is a frequent complication, but this is prevented by adequate fluid intake and Mesna (sodium 2-mercaptoethane sulfonate). Mesna is a sulfhydryl donor and binds acrolein.
Cyclophosphamide is itself carcinogenic, potentially causing transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder as a long-term complication. It can lower the body's ability to fight an infection. It can cause temporary or (rarely) permanent sterility. A serious potential side-effect is Acute Myeloid Leukemia, referred to as secondary AML, due to it occurring secondarily to the primary disease being treated. The risk may be dependent on dose and a number of other factors, including the condition being treated, other agents or treatment modalities used (including radiotherapy), treatment intensity and length of treatment. For some regimens it is a very rare occurrence. For instance, CMF-therapy for breast cancer (where the cumulative dose is typically less than 20 grams of cyclophosphamide) seems to carry an AML risk of less than 1/2000th, with some studies even finding no increased risk compared to the background population. Other treatment regimens involving higher doses may carry risks of 1-2% or higher, depending on regimen. Cyclophosphamide-induced AML, when it happens, typically presents some years after treatment, with incidence peaking around 3–9 years. After 9 years, the risk has fallen to the level of the regular population. When AML occurs, it is often preceded by a Myelodysplastic syndrome phase, before developing into overt acute leukemia. Cyclophosphamide-induced leukemia will often involve complex cytogenetics, which carries a worse prognosis than de novo AML.
Other (serious) side effects include:
-Jackie & Tim
The main use of cyclophosphamide is together with other chemotherapy agents in the treatment of lymphomas, some forms of leukemia[3] and some solid tumors.[4] It is a chemotherapy drug that works by slowing or stopping cell growth.
A 2004 study[10] showed that the biological actions of cyclophosphamide are dose-dependent. At higher doses, it is associated with increased cytotoxicity and immunosuppression, while at low continuous dosage it shows immunostimulatory and antiangiogenic properties. A 2009 study of 17 patients with docetaxel-resistant metastatic hormone refractory prostate cancer showed a Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) decrease in 9 of the 17 patients. Median survival was 24 months for the entire group, and 60 months for those with a PSA response. The study concluded that low-dose cyclophosphamide "might be a viable alternative" treatment for docetaxel-resistant MHRPC and "is an interesting candidate for combination therapies, e.g., immunotherapy, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and antiangiogenisis
Many people taking cyclophosphamide do have serious side effects. Side-effects include chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), bone marrow suppression, stomach ache, diarrhea, darkening of the skin/nails, alopecia (hair loss) or thinning of hair, changes in color and texture of the hair, and lethargy. Hemorrhagic cystitis is a frequent complication, but this is prevented by adequate fluid intake and Mesna (sodium 2-mercaptoethane sulfonate). Mesna is a sulfhydryl donor and binds acrolein.
Cyclophosphamide is itself carcinogenic, potentially causing transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder as a long-term complication. It can lower the body's ability to fight an infection. It can cause temporary or (rarely) permanent sterility. A serious potential side-effect is Acute Myeloid Leukemia, referred to as secondary AML, due to it occurring secondarily to the primary disease being treated. The risk may be dependent on dose and a number of other factors, including the condition being treated, other agents or treatment modalities used (including radiotherapy), treatment intensity and length of treatment. For some regimens it is a very rare occurrence. For instance, CMF-therapy for breast cancer (where the cumulative dose is typically less than 20 grams of cyclophosphamide) seems to carry an AML risk of less than 1/2000th, with some studies even finding no increased risk compared to the background population. Other treatment regimens involving higher doses may carry risks of 1-2% or higher, depending on regimen. Cyclophosphamide-induced AML, when it happens, typically presents some years after treatment, with incidence peaking around 3–9 years. After 9 years, the risk has fallen to the level of the regular population. When AML occurs, it is often preceded by a Myelodysplastic syndrome phase, before developing into overt acute leukemia. Cyclophosphamide-induced leukemia will often involve complex cytogenetics, which carries a worse prognosis than de novo AML.
Other (serious) side effects include:
- gross and microscopic hematuria,
- unusual decrease in the amount of urine,
- mouth sores,
- unusual tiredness or weakness,
- joint pain,
- easy bruising/bleeding,
- existing wounds that are slow healing.
Thursday, October 27, 2011
Diabetes and it's association with CKD (chronic kidney disease)
-Jackie and Tim
You will need to check your blood sugar on a regular basis to know how you’re doing.
Your meter will come with directions for how to check your blood sugar. For most meters,
Ask your doctor what your A1c result should be. The goal for most people with diabetes is an A1c less than 7%.
A dietitian or diabetes educator can help you plan your meals and learn more about a healthy diabetic diet. Medicare and many insurance plans will even help pay for sessions with a dietitian.
For most people with diabetes, a normal blood pressure is less than 130/80. Ask your doctor how often you should get your blood pressure checked. If your blood pressure is high, ask your doctor what you can do to lower it.
Check your blood sugar
High blood sugar can damage the kidneys. Keeping your blood sugar in a healthy range can help protect your kidneys and prevent or slow diabetic kidney disease. A special diabetic diet, exercise and medicines can help you keep a healthy blood sugar level.You will need to check your blood sugar on a regular basis to know how you’re doing.
Checking your blood sugar level at home
Your doctor may suggest that you check your blood sugar at home. You can do this using a blood glucose meter (also called a glucometer). You can get a meter at your local drug store, hospital, clinic or online. Your doctor can help you find a meter that is right for you.Your meter will come with directions for how to check your blood sugar. For most meters,
- You use a tiny pin (called a lancet) to prick the side of your finger. This makes a tiny drop of blood.
- You put the tiny drop of blood on a test strip that comes with your meter.
- You put the test strip in the meter.
- The meter will show a number. This is your blood sugar level.
Checking your blood sugar level with your doctor
Another test your doctor might suggest is called the hemoglobin A1c or “A1c” for short. This is a blood test tells how your blood sugar has been over the last 2 or 3 months.Ask your doctor what your A1c result should be. The goal for most people with diabetes is an A1c less than 7%.
Follow a diabetic diet
What you eat affects your blood sugar. Ask a diabetes educator or dietitian about:- What to eat
- How much to eat
- How often to eat
A dietitian or diabetes educator can help you plan your meals and learn more about a healthy diabetic diet. Medicare and many insurance plans will even help pay for sessions with a dietitian.
Keep a healthy blood pressure
High blood pressure can also harm your kidneys. In fact, high blood pressure is the #2 cause of kidney failure. (Remember, diabetes is the #1 cause.) Having both diabetes and high blood pressure puts you more at risk for kidney disease and heart disease.For most people with diabetes, a normal blood pressure is less than 130/80. Ask your doctor how often you should get your blood pressure checked. If your blood pressure is high, ask your doctor what you can do to lower it.
Live a healthy lifestyle
Managing your diabetes is key to keeping your kidneys healthy. You can also help protect your kidneys by following other healthy habits. Try to:- Be physically active
- Keep a healthy weight
- Control your cholesterol
- Avoid tobacco
- Limit alcohol
Tuesday, October 25, 2011
Donate Life- Be a living donor!
I found this website when doing research on being a live donor for Tim. Did you know that you don't have to be the same blood type to donate life? There is a system in the United States that puts you into a registry where you can swap your kidney for a match for your spouse or family member. It has been going on for about 5 years. The average wait time for a kidney these days on the transplant list is about 6 years. That is because last year there were 8000 donors between live and cadaver donations and 108,000 people who needed them. The number of Chronic Kidney Disease patients are on the rise and doesn't look like it is going down. To prevent someone from going on Dialysis you can donate your kidney and help increase the chances of a transplant to go quicker and also last longer. The average kidney lasts 8-10 years before it starts to reject in your body. Some people can last up to 40 years, others it rejects immediatly. The best cadidate is someone in relation to you like a brother/sister/mom/dad.. If you have a twin that is fantastic because you wouldnt need to be on resistant drugs the rest of your life. The next you can do the swap if you have a spouse who has CKD and needs one but you aren't a match. Its like a wife swap.. and amazing thing.. then you can also be placed on the transplant list.
Hope this helps! There are also other ways to donate life on this website.. blood, tissue, bone marrow!
-Jackie and Tim
In some cases, living donation may be from a stranger, which is called non–directed donation (because the donation isn’t “directed” towards a specific recipient).
If you are thinking about being a non–directed living donor, you should follow these steps:
Hope this helps! There are also other ways to donate life on this website.. blood, tissue, bone marrow!
-Jackie and Tim
Thinking about donating to anyone who needs it?
(Anonymous or non–directed donation)
Living donation takes place when a living person donates an organ (or part of an organ) for transplantation to another person. The living donor is usually a family member or friend of the recipient. In some cases, living donation may be from a stranger, which is called non–directed donation (because the donation isn’t “directed” towards a specific recipient).
If you are thinking about being a non–directed living donor, you should follow these steps:
- Educate Yourself To begin, you should first read everything you can about living donation, outcomes, risks, and benefits. The NKF has information on living donation available at www.livingdonors.org, which can answer many of your questions. This includes:
Q&A on living donation: Read the Q&A carefully to ensure that you understand the risks and benefits, the evaluation process, surgery process, and possible outcomes.
Consensus Statement on the Live Organ Donor: The Consensus Statement was published in the December 13, 2000 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). Table 1 lists elements of disclosure for potential living donors – meaning, these are all the things you should ask the transplant center prior to donation. That way you can make an informed decision. - Consider Your Reasons
Make sure you understand the risks and benefits of donation. Think about your reasons for wanting to donate, and the impact of the donation on you and your family – emotionally, physically, and financially. - Important Note
Living donation is a gift made from the donor to the recipient with no expectation of material compensation. Under U.S. law, it is illegal to buy or sell organs.
Donors are never financially compensated. Under federal law, it is illegal to receive money or gifts in exchange for an organ donation. In addition, donors are often responsible for their own travel expenses and any time lost from work. - Request Information
If you decide to pursue donation, you will need to contact transplant centers (hospitals that perform transplant operations) in your area about the possibility of being a living donor. Or, you can contact other organizations that help facilitate living donation.
- You can find a list of all U.S. transplant centers by state online at http://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov/members/search.asp
- Under Step 1, select a Member Type: choose "Transplant Centers"
- Under Step 2, choose the state of residence (or surrounding states)
- Call and ask for the "Kidney Transplant Coordinator", who will be a registered nurse who can help.
- If the center accepts non–directed donors, you will undergo rigorous physical and psychological testing to ensure that you are a suitable candidate for donation. This process is not easy, and does take time. You can find out more about the evaluation process in the NKF's Q&A on living donation.
- You can also try contacting one of the following organizations for help. (Note: these organizations and their websites are not under the control of the NKF, and NKF assumes no responsibility for their content or services. These links are provided for information purposes only, and should not be considered an endorsement or recommendation by the National Kidney Foundation.)
- Alliance for Paired Donation: The mission of the Alliance for Paired Donation™ is to save lives by significantly reducing the wait time for a kidney transplant through kidney paired donation. For more information, visit www.paireddonation.org.
- National Kidney Registry: The mission of the National Kidney Registry is to save and improve the lives of people facing kidney failure by increasing the quality, speed, and number of living donor transplants in the world. For more information, visit www.kidneyregistry.org.
- Paired Donation Network: The Paired Donation Network is dedicated to making living donor kidney transplantation possible for all patients with kidney failure. It includes over 80 kidney transplant programs in 23 states. For more information, visit www.paireddonationnetwork.org.
- You can find a list of all U.S. transplant centers by state online at http://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov/members/search.asp
- What Else Can I Do?
You may not be able to be a living donor – or you may decide that living donation isn’t right for you. You can still help those awaiting life–saving organ transplants. Here are a few ways you can make a difference.
Be a Donor after your death. Click here for more information.
Donate blood, which also saves lives every day. For more information about blood donation, call the American Red Cross at (800) GIVE–LIFE or visit www.redcross.org/donate/give/.
Join the bone marrow registry. For more information about bone marrow or blood stem cell donation, contact the National Marrow Donor Program at (800) MARROW2 or visit www.marrow.org/DONOR/donor_information.idx.html.
Volunteer or make a financial contribution. For more information about other creative ways to help, visit www.kidney.org/support and www.shareyourlife.org/promote.html.
Look into my eyes
The eye doctor was the one who said to us.. GO to the emergency room. You can see everything from the eye. People don't think having your eyes checked is important.. well it was important to Tim and it could be important to you!
The iris contracts or relaxes, thus changing pupil change size, depending on the amount of light present. Under conditions of bright light contraction of ciliary muscles attached to the Iris causes constriction of the pupil, thus filtering out excessive light ( Iris is more noticeable). In darkness the pupil dilates (widens) to allow as much available light as possible to reach the retina- less of the Iris is visible.
The Iris of each person is fixed in that its' markings do not change. A persons Iris may appear different based on amount of pupil dilation or constriction at a given time. An analogy is that although a person's palm or finger prints always contain the same markings (do not change), they will appear different when the palm and fingers are straight compared to when they are clenched.
What can examining the Eye tell?
Examination of the eye, including the iris, by a trained physician can sometimes tell a lot about disease processes (trauma, inflammation or infection) affecting the eye.
In certain circumstances examination can reveal disease affecting other parts of the body or the entire body.
The list of conditions that might be detectable by ophthalmologic exam is by no means complete. An ophthalmologist is a physician with special training in the diagnosis and treatment of eye conditions. Other physicians having some training in Ophthalmologic exam as part of their training include Internists, Family Physicians, and Emergency Medicine specialists.
How is Iridology supposed to work? [1]
Iridology , also called iris diagnosis, is based on the belief that each area of the body is represented by a corresponding area in the iris. According to this theory, a person's state of health and disease can be diagnosed from the color, texture, and location of various pigment flecks in the eye.
Iridology practitioners claim to diagnose "imbalances" that can be treated with vitamins, minerals, herbs, and similar products. Some also claim that the eye markings can reveal a complete history of past illnesses as well as previous treatment. One textbook, for example, states that a white triangle in the appropriate area indicates appendicitis, but a black speck indicates that the appendix had been removed by surgery.
Can examining the Iris diagnose disease in other parts of the body?
Examination of Iris patterns has no clinical use in detecting problems not related to the eye. No correlation has ever been proven between patterns on specific areas of the Iris and the presence or absence of disease.
Results from studies with "Experienced Iridologists"
There three controlled studies [2, 3, 4]in which trained iridologists were asked to look at eye photographs of well patients and those with certain disease conditions such as gallbladder and kidney disease. In no case could the iridologists reliably differentiate well patients from disease conditions nor could they tell when the same person was ill or well by examining eye photographs.
Bottom line
Iridology has no diagnostic value. Successful therapies occur either due to placebo or self limited illness. Some multilevel distributors are using iridology as a basis recommending dietary supplements and/or herbs.
Some practitioners of Iridology are well intended but misinformed while others may indeed by using intentional deception.
"Look into my eyes my dear " is a popular and seductive quote based on the romantic notion that the "eyes are the window to the soul". It is well known that certain emotional states such as stress, sexual stimulation, and intoxication with certain substances can cause characteristic changes in pupil size.
Iridology is an entirely different concept that claims actual disease, both physical and emotional, can be diagnosed by visible changes in the pattern of the Iris.
Tutorial
Parts of the eye visible without special equipment include:
- Sclera (white part)
- Iris (colored part)
- Pupil (black opening in the center of the Iris that lets light to be passed to the retina)
- Cornea ( clear covering over the iris and pupil)
The iris contracts or relaxes, thus changing pupil change size, depending on the amount of light present. Under conditions of bright light contraction of ciliary muscles attached to the Iris causes constriction of the pupil, thus filtering out excessive light ( Iris is more noticeable). In darkness the pupil dilates (widens) to allow as much available light as possible to reach the retina- less of the Iris is visible.
The Iris of each person is fixed in that its' markings do not change. A persons Iris may appear different based on amount of pupil dilation or constriction at a given time. An analogy is that although a person's palm or finger prints always contain the same markings (do not change), they will appear different when the palm and fingers are straight compared to when they are clenched.
What can examining the Eye tell?
Examination of the eye, including the iris, by a trained physician can sometimes tell a lot about disease processes (trauma, inflammation or infection) affecting the eye.
In certain circumstances examination can reveal disease affecting other parts of the body or the entire body.
Retinal exam can sometimes show evidence of high blood, high cholesterol, diabetes, certain protozoan and parasitic infections, retinoblastoma (a rare eye & brain tumor) and/or elevated intracranial pressure.
Corneal exam, in extremely rare circumstances, may detect very rare diseases involving excess deposit of minerals (iron, copper) in various body organs.
Sceral exam may detect Grave's disease, a component of hyperthyroidism
Pupillary exam, when abnormal, may indicate a number of conditions including drug intoxication, neurologic disease, diabetes, vascular disease, or infectious disease (neurosyphylis).
The list of conditions that might be detectable by ophthalmologic exam is by no means complete. An ophthalmologist is a physician with special training in the diagnosis and treatment of eye conditions. Other physicians having some training in Ophthalmologic exam as part of their training include Internists, Family Physicians, and Emergency Medicine specialists.
How is Iridology supposed to work? [1]
Iridology , also called iris diagnosis, is based on the belief that each area of the body is represented by a corresponding area in the iris. According to this theory, a person's state of health and disease can be diagnosed from the color, texture, and location of various pigment flecks in the eye.
Iridology practitioners claim to diagnose "imbalances" that can be treated with vitamins, minerals, herbs, and similar products. Some also claim that the eye markings can reveal a complete history of past illnesses as well as previous treatment. One textbook, for example, states that a white triangle in the appropriate area indicates appendicitis, but a black speck indicates that the appendix had been removed by surgery.
Iridology charts vary somewhat in the location and interpretation of their iris signs. Sclerology is similar to iridology but interprets the shape and condition of blood vessels on the white portion (sclera) of the eyeball.
Monday, October 24, 2011
Coping as a spouse of some with a Chronic Illness
Sometimes I am outright down in the dumps. I get flustered, angry, and depressed. I thought this might be helpful for those who have a significant other with a chronic disease whether it is diabetes, depression, kidney disease, cancer etc... This should help.. Through sickness and in health
It's natural to enter a long-term relationship with expectations. And one expectation most of us have is that our spouse or partner will remain relatively healthy. Although wedding vows ask us to consider the possibility of sickness, we don't automatically assume our loved ones will suffer a serious illness.
When Illness hits home-The reality is that many couples must learn to cope and adjust to a life-altering illness. Understanding the impact this can have on your relationship can help you adjust and adapt to such an enormous challenge.
Coping with a Sense of Loss
Depending on the nature of the illness, the sick partner may change in subtle and, sometimes, profound ways. The relationship that you once relied upon may no longer feel accessible to you.
Adjusting to such a major change can take time, and you may find yourself struggling with feelings of anger, despair and depression. It's common to feel anger toward the person who has the illness (which then may cause you to feel guilty). This is all part of grieving the loss of what once was the foundation of your relationship and life.
The Impact of Shifting Roles
We all play different roles in our relationships. And very often we end up with someone whose preferred role complements our own. For instance, someone who is timid and insecure may find him/herself with a partner who exudes confidence; someone who is highly emotional and spontaneous might be drawn to a more rational-minded planner; the natural caregiver may feel most at home with a partner who longs for this type of attention; and so on.
An illness can abruptly alter these roles and tip the balance that once grounded your relationship. The confident, take-charge person may now find him/herself in an overly dependent position; the rational-minded planner may have to relinquish control; and the caregiver may now need to be cared for. Such changes can rock the foundation of your union by forcing you to assume roles that are alien to what you've known most of your life.
Coping with Uncertainty
We all like to believe we're in control of our lives. When faced with a significant illness, however, the idea of absolute control is revealed as an illusion. Questions you never before considered now become routine: Is s/he going to be OK? What's going to happen to us? What should I do?
And when an illness interferes with one's ability to work, financial uncertainty can now take center stage—fear and anxiety are common as the once secure areas of your life give way to uncertainty.
Letting Go of Guilt
Sam began feeling guilty when he finally started spending time with friends and found himself enjoying time away from his wife more than a year and a half after she became ill. During his wife's rehabilitation, Sam rarely did anything for himself. As he described, "I had to come to grips with the fact that she's sick and I'm healthy. This wasn't easy. She's slowed down considerably and I felt bad because I've always been so full of life."
Sam continues to care for his wife when needed, but he has also begun taking care of himself. For a period of time, guilt-inducing thoughts flooded his mind ("How dare you have fun while your wife's sick?"; "You should be home with her"), but Sam was slowly able to realize that his guilt served no useful purpose. With the support of his minister, Sam was able to let go of his guilt as he began embracing life again.
Understanding the sick partner's emotional reactions
The person struggling with a serious illness is on an emotional rollercoaster. In one moment s/he may be grateful for your help and a moment later s/he may seem to act irrationally, no longer able to keep the fear, anger and despair in check. At times you may end up feeling berated, blamed, pushed away, and marginalized—despite your best efforts to comfort your partner. It's difficult not to take this personally. For your own sanity, it will be important to remember that you are not responsible for your partner's reactions and you will need to repeatedly remind yourself of this truth.
Remember that the partner struggling with the illness is adjusting to this traumatic life change and is trying to cope with fear and uncertainty. S/he may not even realize the impact his/her behavior is having on others, including his/her healthy partner. It's important for you to seek ways to understand your partner's unpredictable, tumultuous reactions; and it is just as important that you protect yourself from any emotional onslaughts directed at you.
The impact of a significant illness can have a dramatic and unexpected impact on your marriage or relationship. Some couples report that their relationship has become stronger because of an illness, whereas others continue to stumble under considerable stress. Having an understanding of the different ways in which an illness can impact you, your partner and your relationship is an important step in adapting to these painful events.
It's natural to enter a long-term relationship with expectations. And one expectation most of us have is that our spouse or partner will remain relatively healthy. Although wedding vows ask us to consider the possibility of sickness, we don't automatically assume our loved ones will suffer a serious illness.
When Illness hits home-The reality is that many couples must learn to cope and adjust to a life-altering illness. Understanding the impact this can have on your relationship can help you adjust and adapt to such an enormous challenge.
Coping with a Sense of Loss
Depending on the nature of the illness, the sick partner may change in subtle and, sometimes, profound ways. The relationship that you once relied upon may no longer feel accessible to you.
Adjusting to such a major change can take time, and you may find yourself struggling with feelings of anger, despair and depression. It's common to feel anger toward the person who has the illness (which then may cause you to feel guilty). This is all part of grieving the loss of what once was the foundation of your relationship and life.
The Impact of Shifting Roles
We all play different roles in our relationships. And very often we end up with someone whose preferred role complements our own. For instance, someone who is timid and insecure may find him/herself with a partner who exudes confidence; someone who is highly emotional and spontaneous might be drawn to a more rational-minded planner; the natural caregiver may feel most at home with a partner who longs for this type of attention; and so on.
An illness can abruptly alter these roles and tip the balance that once grounded your relationship. The confident, take-charge person may now find him/herself in an overly dependent position; the rational-minded planner may have to relinquish control; and the caregiver may now need to be cared for. Such changes can rock the foundation of your union by forcing you to assume roles that are alien to what you've known most of your life.
Coping with Uncertainty
We all like to believe we're in control of our lives. When faced with a significant illness, however, the idea of absolute control is revealed as an illusion. Questions you never before considered now become routine: Is s/he going to be OK? What's going to happen to us? What should I do?
And when an illness interferes with one's ability to work, financial uncertainty can now take center stage—fear and anxiety are common as the once secure areas of your life give way to uncertainty.
Letting Go of Guilt
Sam began feeling guilty when he finally started spending time with friends and found himself enjoying time away from his wife more than a year and a half after she became ill. During his wife's rehabilitation, Sam rarely did anything for himself. As he described, "I had to come to grips with the fact that she's sick and I'm healthy. This wasn't easy. She's slowed down considerably and I felt bad because I've always been so full of life."
Sam continues to care for his wife when needed, but he has also begun taking care of himself. For a period of time, guilt-inducing thoughts flooded his mind ("How dare you have fun while your wife's sick?"; "You should be home with her"), but Sam was slowly able to realize that his guilt served no useful purpose. With the support of his minister, Sam was able to let go of his guilt as he began embracing life again.
Understanding the sick partner's emotional reactions
The person struggling with a serious illness is on an emotional rollercoaster. In one moment s/he may be grateful for your help and a moment later s/he may seem to act irrationally, no longer able to keep the fear, anger and despair in check. At times you may end up feeling berated, blamed, pushed away, and marginalized—despite your best efforts to comfort your partner. It's difficult not to take this personally. For your own sanity, it will be important to remember that you are not responsible for your partner's reactions and you will need to repeatedly remind yourself of this truth.
Remember that the partner struggling with the illness is adjusting to this traumatic life change and is trying to cope with fear and uncertainty. S/he may not even realize the impact his/her behavior is having on others, including his/her healthy partner. It's important for you to seek ways to understand your partner's unpredictable, tumultuous reactions; and it is just as important that you protect yourself from any emotional onslaughts directed at you.
The impact of a significant illness can have a dramatic and unexpected impact on your marriage or relationship. Some couples report that their relationship has become stronger because of an illness, whereas others continue to stumble under considerable stress. Having an understanding of the different ways in which an illness can impact you, your partner and your relationship is an important step in adapting to these painful events.
Sunday, October 23, 2011
Anemia- Number one difficency in people.
I write about this because Tim has been struggling with this due to his Kidney Failure. I too have issues with Anemia due to my weight loss and have found that it the number one difficency people have. Hope you find this useful. I have.
I recently have found that I am struggling with a little low blood pressure. The machine at home ranged from 98/57 back up to 123/69.. Normal blood pressure ranges are from 120/80 and below.. some people have blood pressure as low as 90/50 and it is still considered normal. If you are experiencing, Dizziness, Tingling, problems concentrating, headaches, chest pain, or shortness of breath. You may also experience Black Stool or blood in your stool. Kind of Tar like. Check your blood pressure. If it is low you may need to increase your Iron and B-12. There are different ways to handle anemia.. water, pills, blood transfusions and steroids to help supress the immune system. Very important to check you blood pressure regularly.. after all. This is one of the signs that helped us get Tim some help to begin with. I am going to paste an article from PubMED Health.
Jackie-
I recently have found that I am struggling with a little low blood pressure. The machine at home ranged from 98/57 back up to 123/69.. Normal blood pressure ranges are from 120/80 and below.. some people have blood pressure as low as 90/50 and it is still considered normal. If you are experiencing, Dizziness, Tingling, problems concentrating, headaches, chest pain, or shortness of breath. You may also experience Black Stool or blood in your stool. Kind of Tar like. Check your blood pressure. If it is low you may need to increase your Iron and B-12. There are different ways to handle anemia.. water, pills, blood transfusions and steroids to help supress the immune system. Very important to check you blood pressure regularly.. after all. This is one of the signs that helped us get Tim some help to begin with. I am going to paste an article from PubMED Health.
Jackie-
Anemia is a condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells provide oxygen to body tissues.
See also:
Healthy red blood cells last between 90 and 120 days. Parts of your body then remove old blood cells. A hormone called erythropoietin made in your kidneys signals your bone marrow to make more red blood cells.
Hemoglobin is the oxygen-carrying protein inside red blood cells. It gives red blood cells their red color. People with anemia do not have enough hemoglobin.
Possible causes of anemia include:
Blood tests used to diagnose some common types of anemia may include:
See also:
- Anemia due to B12 deficiency
- Anemia due to folate deficiency
- Anemia due to iron deficiency
- Anemia of chronic disease
- Hemolytic anemia
- Idiopathic aplastic anemia
- Megaloblastic anemia
- Pernicious anemia
- Secondary aplastic anemia
- Sickle cell anemia
- Thalassemia
Causes, incidence, and risk factors
While many parts of the body help make red blood cells, most of the work is done in the bone marrow. Bone marrow is the soft tissue in the center of bones that helps form blood cells.Healthy red blood cells last between 90 and 120 days. Parts of your body then remove old blood cells. A hormone called erythropoietin made in your kidneys signals your bone marrow to make more red blood cells.
Hemoglobin is the oxygen-carrying protein inside red blood cells. It gives red blood cells their red color. People with anemia do not have enough hemoglobin.
Possible causes of anemia include:
- Certain medications
- Chronic diseases such as cancer, ulcerative colitis, or rheumatoid arthritis
- Genetis: Some forms of anemia, such as thalassemia, can be inherited
- Kidney failure
- Blood loss (for example, from heavy menstrual periods or stomach ulcers)
- Poor diet
- Pregnancy
- Problems with bone marrow such as lymphoma, leukemia, or multiple myeloma
- Problems with the immune system that cause the destruction of blood cells (hemolytic anemia)
- Surgery to the stomach or intestines that reduces the absorption of iron, vitamin B12, or folic acid
- Too little thyroid hormone (underactive thyroid, or hypothyroidism)
- Testosterone deficiency
Symptoms
Possible symptoms include:- Chest pain
- Dizziness or light-headedness (especially when standing up or with activity)
- Fatigue or lack of energy
- Headaches
- Problems concentrating
- Shortness of breath (especially during exercise)
- Constipation
- Problems thinking
- Tingling
Signs and tests
The doctor will perform a physical examination, and may find:- Pale skin
- Rapid heart rate
- Heart murmur
Blood tests used to diagnose some common types of anemia may include:
- Blood levels of vitamin B12, folic acid, and other vitamins and minerals
- Red blood count and hemoglobin level
- Reticulocyte count
- Ferritin level
- Iron level
Treatment
Treatment should be directed at the cause of the anemia, and may include:- Blood transfusions
- Corticosteroids or other medicines that suppress the immune system
- Erythropoietin, a medicine that helps your bone marrow make more blood cells
- Supplements of iron, vitamin B12, folic acid, or other vitamins and minerals
Expectations (prognosis)
The outlook depends on the cause.Complications
Severe anemia can cause low oxygen levels in vital organs such as the heart, and can lead to a heart attack.Calling your health care provider
Call your health provider if you have any symptoms of anemia, or any unusual bleeding.Friday, October 21, 2011
women and CKD *Chronic Kidney Disease
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is on the rise. One population group that has seen an increase in occurrences of kidney failure is women who are older (50+ years old) and African American.
In 2001, of all new patients diagnosed with kidney failure in Canada , 55% were 65 and older. Men made up 58% of the cases, and are still the majority of CKD patients. However, in a five-year period there was a 23% increase in the number of men diagnosed with kidney failure, compared to a 45% increase in the number of women.
A Journal of the American Society of Nephrology study done in 2002 using computer simulation, took into account factors for race (black, white) and gender to calculate lifetime risk of ESRD based on a group of 20-year-olds. In this model, the likelihood that an African American woman would need dialysis or a kidney transplant in her lifetime was almost 8%.
Type-2 diabetes was the main factor attributed to more African American women experiencing kidney failure. Usually brought on by obesity, diabetes is the number one risk factor for chronic kidney disease. High blood pressure is the second most common risk factor for kidney disease. Making women aware of the risks of chronic kidney disease and the measures to prevent CKD will hopefully reverse this upward trend. Women are encouraged to talk to their doctor about chronic kidney disease and find out if they are at risk.
Erythropoietin treatments will cause about 50% of woman on dialysis to get their periods again. This is attributed to the improved hormone levels and the treatment of anemia. Therefore, erythropoietin treatments can increase a woman's fertility, so birth control should be used if a woman is sexually active and does not want to become pregnant.
Physically, lower hormone levels may cause some women to experience vaginal dryness or painful intercourse. A water-soluble vaginal lubricant can be used to remedy these situations. Side effects of certain medicines and complications from uremia can cause fatigue, menstrual irregularities and decreased sexual desire. Some medications may also cause hormonal changes making it difficult for a woman to become aroused or experience an orgasm. A woman should discuss these issues with her doctor, as changes in blood pressure medication or taking extra hormones may help the situation. Anemia can also be treated with erythropoietin, however, sometimes the actual dialysis treatment is the cause of fatigue.
Some women become anxious about changes in their appearance, such as weight loss, or in the case of some PD patients, weight gain from the sugar in the dialysate. The catheter in the abdomen or fistula in the arm may also create anxiety either because a woman believes it is unattractive or is afraid it could be damaged. Sharing these feelings with a partner is often the best way to overcome them. It is also rare that anything will happen to an access in the process of lovemaking.
Most women need a little time to adjust to dialysis. They may find their sex drive returns as their energy level increases. It is best to use contraception when being intimate. Even if a woman isn't having a regular period, she may still be ovulating, making her able to get pregnant. Condoms are a safe and easy choice. There are other options, but a health care professional should be consulted due to hormonal effects of some birth control methods.
A survey of dialysis units listed by the Health Care Finance Administration regarding pregnancy in dialysis patients showed that infant survival for a woman on dialysis was higher than previously thought. The survey yielded the following results:
During a four-year period two percent of woman in their childbearing years became pregnant (2.4% were hemodialysis patients, 1.1% were peritoneal dialysis patients)
In addition to osteoporosis, lower hormone levels put women at increased risk for heart disease. A hysterectomy creates early menopause, which puts women at risk for a longer period of time. Women are advised to approach their health care team with questions regarding how to preserve bone and heart health.
Creating awareness is the best way to help women feel comfortable about bringing up issues to discuss with their health care team. Knowing they are not alone can lead to more openness to help women become more proactive in seeking the special care they need.
In 2001, of all new patients diagnosed with kidney failure in Canada , 55% were 65 and older. Men made up 58% of the cases, and are still the majority of CKD patients. However, in a five-year period there was a 23% increase in the number of men diagnosed with kidney failure, compared to a 45% increase in the number of women.
A Journal of the American Society of Nephrology study done in 2002 using computer simulation, took into account factors for race (black, white) and gender to calculate lifetime risk of ESRD based on a group of 20-year-olds. In this model, the likelihood that an African American woman would need dialysis or a kidney transplant in her lifetime was almost 8%.
Type-2 diabetes was the main factor attributed to more African American women experiencing kidney failure. Usually brought on by obesity, diabetes is the number one risk factor for chronic kidney disease. High blood pressure is the second most common risk factor for kidney disease. Making women aware of the risks of chronic kidney disease and the measures to prevent CKD will hopefully reverse this upward trend. Women are encouraged to talk to their doctor about chronic kidney disease and find out if they are at risk.
- J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002 Oct;13 (10):2617
- Canadian Institutes for Health Information. January 21, 2004
Special issues for women with chronic kidney disease (CKD)
When researching information about kidney disease and dialysis treatments, there is rarely any differentiation between treatments for men and women. There are, however, several unique issues a woman will deal with in her health care that should be discussed, such as menstrual periods, sexuality, pregnancy and menopause. The following sections will discuss these issues.Periods and CKD
When a woman has chronic kidney disease her periods tend to be irregular. Once she begins dialysis her periods may even stop altogether. As kidney function drops below 20% of normal, a woman is less likely to conceive because dialysis doesn't perform all of the tasks of the kidneys. The body retains a higher level of waste products than it would with a normal kidney, which can prevent egg production and affect menstruation.Erythropoietin treatments will cause about 50% of woman on dialysis to get their periods again. This is attributed to the improved hormone levels and the treatment of anemia. Therefore, erythropoietin treatments can increase a woman's fertility, so birth control should be used if a woman is sexually active and does not want to become pregnant.
Sexuality and CKD
Most chronic kidney disease patients find they don't have the same interest in sex. There are emotional, physical and psychological factors at play that can diminish the sex drive. Getting used to life with a chronic illness and the lifestyle changes that come with it takes time. There can also be stresses related to job, income and family life that a woman will have to adjust to.Physically, lower hormone levels may cause some women to experience vaginal dryness or painful intercourse. A water-soluble vaginal lubricant can be used to remedy these situations. Side effects of certain medicines and complications from uremia can cause fatigue, menstrual irregularities and decreased sexual desire. Some medications may also cause hormonal changes making it difficult for a woman to become aroused or experience an orgasm. A woman should discuss these issues with her doctor, as changes in blood pressure medication or taking extra hormones may help the situation. Anemia can also be treated with erythropoietin, however, sometimes the actual dialysis treatment is the cause of fatigue.
Some women become anxious about changes in their appearance, such as weight loss, or in the case of some PD patients, weight gain from the sugar in the dialysate. The catheter in the abdomen or fistula in the arm may also create anxiety either because a woman believes it is unattractive or is afraid it could be damaged. Sharing these feelings with a partner is often the best way to overcome them. It is also rare that anything will happen to an access in the process of lovemaking.
Most women need a little time to adjust to dialysis. They may find their sex drive returns as their energy level increases. It is best to use contraception when being intimate. Even if a woman isn't having a regular period, she may still be ovulating, making her able to get pregnant. Condoms are a safe and easy choice. There are other options, but a health care professional should be consulted due to hormonal effects of some birth control methods.
Pregnancy and CKD
While it is uncommon for a woman on dialysis to become pregnant, studies indicated that between 1992 and 2003 from 1% to 7% of patients did. A national Registry of Pregnancy in Dialysis Patients is maintained to track and study these events and outcomes. About 50% of the babies born to women on dialysis survived. There was evidence that longer dialysis time (16-24 hours per week) helped improve infant survival. Many of the babies were born premature, which was attributed to high blood pressure. Many chronic kidney disease patients have high blood pressure, which tends to get worse during pregnancy.A survey of dialysis units listed by the Health Care Finance Administration regarding pregnancy in dialysis patients showed that infant survival for a woman on dialysis was higher than previously thought. The survey yielded the following results:
During a four-year period two percent of woman in their childbearing years became pregnant (2.4% were hemodialysis patients, 1.1% were peritoneal dialysis patients)
- Of those who were on dialysis before they became pregnant, 40.2% (out of 184 pregnancies) of the infants survived
- Of those who started dialysis after they became pregnant 73.6% (out of 57 pregnancies) of the infants survived
- Infant survival was greater for women who received dialysis more than 20 hours per week
- Complications for the women included: high blood pressure in 79% of pregnancies, hypertensive crisis in five women, hematocrit lower than 30 for 93.1% of patients, transfusions for 26% of those treated with erythropoietin and 77% of those not treated and, in two cases, death
- Complications for the surviving infants included: premature birth in 84% of women who conceived after beginning dialysis, congenital anomalies in 11 infants and long-term medical problems for 11 infants
Menopause and CKD
When kidney failure occurs, dialysis helps to remove wastes from the blood, however, it does not replace all of the functions of the kidneys, such as producing hormones. While all menopausal women are encouraged to take calcium to prevent osteoporosis, it is even more important for those on dialysis or who have a kidney transplant. When hormone production decreases in menopause, this puts women at risk for osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. Because many women on dialysis tend not to have regular periods, their hormone levels may already be compromised. To help combat osteoporosis, additional calcium in the diet, or in the form of supplements, can help prevent bone loss. Osteoporosis is frequently a complication for those who have a kidney transplant due to the anti-rejection drugs that must be taken.In addition to osteoporosis, lower hormone levels put women at increased risk for heart disease. A hysterectomy creates early menopause, which puts women at risk for a longer period of time. Women are advised to approach their health care team with questions regarding how to preserve bone and heart health.
Creating awareness is the best way to help women feel comfortable about bringing up issues to discuss with their health care team. Knowing they are not alone can lead to more openness to help women become more proactive in seeking the special care they need.
Resources
- Biff F. Palmer. Sexual dysfunction in men and women with chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003 January Vol10 N1
- D. Shemin, et al. Dialysis in pregnant women with chronic kidney disease. Semin Dial, 2003;16(5):379-383
- Okundaye I, Abrinko P, Hou S. Registry of pregnancy in dialysis patients.
- Am J Kidney Dis. 1998 May;31(5):766-73
- Bagon JA, Vernaeve H, De Muylder X, Lafontaine JJ, Martens J, Van Roost G. Pregnancy and dialysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 1998 May;31(5):756-65.
- Susan Hou, MD Pregnancy in chronic renal insufficiency and end-stage renal disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 1999 Feb Vol33 N2
- Holly Mattix Kramer, MD, Gary C. Curhan, MD, ScD, Ajay Singh , MD ,
- HELP Study Group. Permanent cessation of menses and postmenopausal hormone use in dialysis-dependent women: The HELP study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003 March Vol41 N3
- Holly Mattix Kramer, MD, Gary C. Curhan, MD, ScD, Ajay Singh , MD ,
- HELP Study Group. Hemodialysis and estrogen levels in postmenopausal (HELP) patients: The multicenter HELP study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003 June Vol41 N6
- Kramer HM, Curhan G, Singh A; HELP Study Group. Hemodialysis and estrogen levels in postmenopausal (HELP) patients: The multicenter HELP study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003 Jun;41(6):1240-6.
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